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AbstractBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to heart failure. This is partly related to the presence of hypertension or dyslipidemia in association with DM or the occurrence of ischemic heart diseases.Aim: To study the relation between DM and ejection fraction (EF) in elderly not known to have hypertension or ischemic heart disease.Methods: 190 elderly patients were included in the study. They were divided into cases and controls according to the presence or absence of DM. Echocardiography was done and blood samples were collected to measure glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile.Results: EF was lower in cases Both HbA1c and duration of DM showed an inverse correlation with EF (P value >0.001)Conclusions: DM is associated with reduced EF & the occurrence of heart failure which is related to both the control and the duration of DM.
AbstractDelirium is a common presentation in elderly with diverse underlying causes. This elderly man presented with disturbed level of conscious level with no apparant precipitating factor. After thorough investigations and with substantial help from the caregiver, acute epididymo-orchitis was revealed as an unusual reason of deliriumn early and a quick identification of dementia is desirable to improve the overall care to the affected persons in the developing countries
AbstractBackground: Mini Cog is a simple screening test for cognitive impairment.Aim: To assess cognition among Egyptian elderlyMethods: a case control study recruiting 90 patients from Suez Canal University and Ain-Shams University hospitals. Cognitive assessment was performed using Mini cog test and patients were classified into cases and controls according to their performance of the test. History taking and functional assessment were done.Results: Age of our patients ranged from 62-72.Cases had lower level of education. Stroke, heart failure and hypertension were significantly more prevalent in cases than controls (p < 0.001, 0.017, 0.011) respectively. Cases showed lower functional status level when comparing items of activities of daily living (ADL) between cases and controls (p< 0.001).Conclusions: Lower education level, heart failure, hypertension and stroke are associated with cognitive impairment. Impairment of functional activities of daily living can be associated with lower scores in Mini cog test.
AbstractBackground: Cognitive impairment and hypertension are prevalent in elderly. There is controversial data regarding the impact of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on cognition.Aim: To study studied the relation between angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and cognition.Methods: A case control study was conducted among Cairo’s elderly home residents, aged ≥ 60 years old, between users (n= 10) and non-users (n= 67) of ARBs among hypertensive elderly in long term care centers.Results: There was no significant difference between users and non-users of ARBs in MMSE, age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P= 0.76, 0.54, 0.66 and 0.37 consecutively).Conclusions: No sufficient evidence supports the relation between ARBs and cognition in a sample of hypertensive elderly.
AbstractBackground: Recently, no standard criteria exist with regard the specific or theoretical definition of minimal functional limitation in people with MCI.Aim: To Correlate mild cognitive impairment and functional status among elderly.Methods: A cross sectional study conducted on 225 participants at nursing homes in Egypt. A comprehensive geriatric assessment including medical history and physical examination was carried out for each participant. Cognitive functions were evaluated using both the Arabic translation of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Arabic version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test (MoCA). Taking in account educational level, where diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) if MMSE≤17 for illiterates; MMSE ≤20 for primary school graduates (≥6 years of education), MMSE≤24 for junior school graduates or above (≥9 years of education) and MoCA with Score less than or equal 24 indicates MCI in illiterate, Functional assessment was done by the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale.Results: This study indicates that there is no significant difference between those with MCI and those with normal cognitive function in ADL and IADL.Conclusions: MCI is frequent in older people. Our study suggests that there is no significant difference between those with MCI and those with normal cognitive function in ADL and IADL. Further studies are needed to determine the correlation between MCI and function status.
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